Effect of vitamin intake on cognitive decline: Evaluation of the evidence

[摘要] The objective of this review was to evaluate the evidence from human studies on the intake of vitamins, either as monotherapies or in combination with other vitamins, as neuroprotective agents that may delay the onset of cognitive decline. Evidence-based methodologies were used to capture and evaluate the highest levels of evidence (systematic reviews). If systematic reviews were not available, well-designed randomised clinical trials or lower levels of evidence were included. The current evidence available showed no association for cognitive benefits of vitamins B6 or B12 as a monotherapy, and recent systematic reviews provide no clear evidence that supplementation with vitamin B6, B12 and/or folic acid improves dementia outcomes or slows cognitive decline, even though it may normalise homocysteine levels. However, imaging studies reporting slower rates of brain atrophy in mild cognitive impaired (MCI) participants with high homocysteine levels taking vitamin B supplements appears promising. Meta-analyses from systematic reviews have shown an association between low vitamin D levels and diminished cognitive function, although causality cannot be confirmed from the available evidence. There is no convincing evidence for an association of vitamin C and vitamin E either as a monotherapy or in combination with other antioxidant vitamins such as vitamin C, A and β-carotene and the prevention of cognitive decline. Evaluation of the totality of the current available evidence indicates that intake of the above vitamins, either as a monotherapy, or in combination with other vitamins, has no clinically-relevant effect on delaying cognitive decline or delaying the onset of dementia.

[发布日期] 2014-04-08 [发布机构] CSIRO

[学科分类] 地球科学(综合)