Widespread Moulin Formation During Supraglacial Lake Drainages in Greenland

[摘要] Moulins permit access of surface meltwater to the glacier bed, causing basal lubrication and ice speedup in the ablation zone of western Greenland during summer. Despite the substantial impact of moulins on ice dynamics, the conditions under which they form are poorly understood. We assimilate a time-series of ice surface velocity from a network of eleven Global Positioning System receivers into an ice sheet model to estimate ice sheet stresses during winter, spring, and summer in an approx. 30 x 10 km region. Surface-parallel von Mises stress increases slightly during spring speedup and early summer, sufficient to allow formation of 16% of moulins mapped in the study area. In contrast, 63% of moulins experience stresses over the tensile strength of ice during a short (hours) supraglacial lake drainage event. Lake drainages appear to control moulin density, which is itself a control on subglacial drainage efficiency and summer ice velocities.

[发布日期] 2018-01-17

[学科分类] 地质物理学

[关键词] ABLATION;DRAINAGE;FRACTURING;GLACIERS;GREENLAND;ICE;LAKES;IMAGE ANALYSIS;GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM;MATHEMATICAL MODELS;SUMMER;WINTER