Utilizing placebos to leverage effects of cognitive-behavioral therapy in patients with depression

[摘要] Background: Patients with depression often experience difficulties with completing homework assignments during cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). In the present study, we investigated the effects of a specific placebo which aimed at improving the practice of a daily relaxation exercise during a four-week outpatient program. Methods: A total of 126 patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder were randomly assigned to one of three groups: 'Coping with Depression' course, 'Coping with Depression' course with additional daily placebo treatment, and waiting-list group. The placebo (sunflower oil) was introduced as a natural medicine to help the patients focus on their inner strengths and to mobilize their bodies' natural healing powers. The placebo was taken orally before the daily relaxation exercise. Results: The placebo improved homework quantity and quality (both p < .001). The placebo group practiced more often and experienced greater relaxation effects than the no-placebo group. Additionally, the placebo group showed a greater reduction of depression symptoms (p < .001). Limitations: The primary limitation of the study is the lack of a psychophysiological measure of relaxation. Conclusions: Placebos can be used to leverage CBT effects in patients with depression.

[发布日期] 2020-12-01

[关键词] Placebo;Depression;Relaxation;Enhancement of self-efficacy;Homework compliance