TOLUENE DIISOCYANATE PULMONARY-DISEASE - IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGIC AND MECHOLYL CHALLENGE STUDIES

[摘要] Selected workers exhibiting clinical sensitivity to toluene diiosocyanate (TDI) (wheezing, cough, and dyspnea upon entering a TDI-containing area) were studied for the following parameters: in vitro TDI-induced leukocyte histamine release; determination of cyclic(c)AMP levels of lymphocytes exposed to TDI; the effect of TDI on the isoproterenol-induced increase of lymphocyte cAMP levels; and acetyl-.beta.-methylcholine (mecholyl) inhalation challenge. TDI did not induce histamine release from leukocytes of sensitive or nonsensitive individuals, nor were lymphocyte cAMP levels affected by in vitro TDI exposure. TDI did, however, diminish in vitro stimulation of cAMP by isoproterenol. This effect, seen with cells of sensitive and nonsensitive individuals, appeared to be dose-dependent; there were no significant differences between the 2 groups. When challenged with mecholyl, 7 of 10 sensitive but only 1 of 10 nonsensitive individuals showed a greater than 20% decrease in FEV1 [forced expiratory volume in 1s] TDI-induced obstructive airways disorders may be associated with altered .beta.-adrenergic function.