Charging for port reception facilities in North Sea ports: Putting theory into practice

[摘要] The aim of this paper is to evaluate the charging systems for the use of port reception facilities for waste oil, and to examine the potential impact of the charging elements of the new (late 2000) EU Directive on port reception facilities for chip-generated waste and cargo residues. Experience to date with alternative models for charging is considered. Conclusions are drawn about the effectiveness of the EU Directive as a means of controlling pollution in the North Sea and producing a 'level playing field' between ports. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

[发布日期] 2001-04-01

[关键词] European Union;North Sea;port reception facilities;costs;waste discharge;oil pollution