Development of bio-based fine chemicalproduction through synthetic bioengineering

[摘要] Fine chemicals that are physiologically active, such as pharmaceuticals,cosmetics, nutritional supplements, flavoring agents as well as additives for foods,feed, and fertilizer are produced by enzymatically or through microbialfermentation. The identification of enzymes that catalyze the target reaction makespossible the enzymatic synthesis of the desired fine chemical. The genes encodingthese enzymes are then introduced into suitable microbial hosts that are culturedwith inexpensive, naturally abundant carbon sources, and other nutrients. Metabolicengineering create efficient microbial cell factories for producing chemicals athigher yields. Molecular genetic techniques are then used to optimize metabolicpathways of genetically and metabolically well-characterized hosts. Syntheticbioengineering represents a novel approach to employ a combination of computersimulation and metabolic analysis to design artificial metabolic pathways suitablefor mass production of target chemicals in host strains. In the present review, wesummarize recent studies on bio-based fine chemical production and assess thepotential of synthetic bioengineering for further improving theirproductivity.

[发布日期] 2014-12-14

[关键词] Fine chemical;Synthetic bioengineering;Metabolic engineering;Enzymatic synthesis;Microbial fermentation;Bioinformatics