Developments on Small-Scale Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) Systems

[摘要] Нe organic Rankine cycle (ORC) technology is perhaps the mostsuitable technology for heat recovery applications from sources of lowtemperature (even lower than 100°C) [1], while it can also be used fortemperatures up to about 300°C with a variety of scale (from the kWup to the MW scale). At low temperatures its eٹcLency is usually in therange of 4-6 %, but still there are cases where it can be cost eوٴectLve,especially for waste heat recovery thus improving the overall process/system energy eٹcLency. Нe main advantage at this low temperaturerange is the simple and low-cost heat source circuit and simple ORCconfiJuratLon [2,3] (i.e. single expansion machine and no internal heatexchangers).