Os acromiale: a review of its incidence, pathophysiology, and clinical management

[摘要] When any of the primary ossification centres of the acromion fail to fuse to the basi-acromion the resulting nonunion is termed an os acromiale.1 An early mention of this type of os in the literature comes from British anatomist John Gregory Smith in 1834. Cadaveric specimens with presumed injury to the shoulder joint were examined at the Hunterian Theatre of Anatomy in London, UK. The os acromiale is described in the published dissection notes as a ‘fracture of the humeral extremity of the clavicle, which extended into its articulation with the clavicle’.2 Later that century, the Austrian anatomist Wenzel Gurber coined the term os acromiale, and described a distinct synovial joint. At the time, Gurber was under the stewardship of Nikolay Pirogov at the famous Medical Military Academy in St Petersburg, Russia. Pirogov had recently returned from the Crimean War and is considered the founder of military field surgery.3,4 By the century’s end, Irishman Alexander Macalister at the University of Cambridge, UK, had completed a full definition of this condition.

[学科分类] 神经科学

[关键词] acromion;meso-aromion;meta-acromion;os acromiale;preacromion;shoulder pain;shoulder stiffness