Core decompression and biotechnologies in the treatment of avascular necrosis of the femoral head

[摘要] Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head (FH) causes 5% to 12% of total hip arthroplasties (THA). It especially affects active male adults between the third and fifth decades of life.1 The exact worldwide incidence is unknown; there are only few data related to individual countries (e.g. Germany 5000 to 7000 patients per year).2 Most of these data relate to the United States.3,4 If left untreated, AVN can lead to FH collapse and hip joint destruction. There is a 50% chance of bilateral presentation.5 The aetiology and pathogenesis are still unclear, but a lot of risk factors have been identified through the years. Trauma, embolisation, smoking, corticosteroids, alcohol abuse, haemoglobinopathy, hyperbaric exposure, auto-immune disease, anti-tumour chemotherapy, Gaucher’s disease and Caisson disease are some of the risk factors that could act individually or synergistically to produce death of bone cells.

[学科分类] 神经科学

[关键词] AVN;avascular necrosis;osteonecrosis;ONFH;core decompression;CD;mesenchymal stem cell;MSC;bone morphogenetic protein;BMP;biotechnology;scaffold;autologous bone marrow