Associations between Maternal Nutritional Status, Carbohydrate, Fat, and Protein Intakes, and Low Birth Weight in Jember, East Java

[摘要] Background: Pregnancy can cause several bodily changes, both anatomically, physiologically, and biochemically. Mothers' metabolism and food intake will change during pregnancy. Food intake of pregnant women will increase every trimester, so it must be considered because it is not only for herself, but for the fetus she is carrying. Excessive carbohydrate intake has an adverse effect on babies born, lack of excessive intake is also not good. This study aims to analyze the association between nutritional status, carbohydrate, fat, and protein intakes of pregnant women with birth weight (BBL). Subjects and Methods: This was a cohort study conducted at community health center in Jember, East Java, from April to June 2019. The sample was randomly selected as many as 120 study subjects. The dependent variable was birth weight (LBW). The independent variables were carbo­hydrate, fat, protein intakes and maternal nutritional status. The data collection technique used was questionnaires and analyzed by path analysis. Results: Birth weight directly increased with the maternal nutritional status (b= 38.65; 95% CI= 24.96 to 53.33; p<0.001) and carbohydrate intake of pregnant women with birth weight (b= 0.53; 95% CI= - 0.48 to 1.54; p= 0.149). Birth weight directly decreased with protein intake (b= -0.53; 95% CI= -3.09 to 2.98; p= 0.729) (b= -0.75; 95% CI= -3.11 to 1.60; p= 0.010). Maternal carbo­hydrate and protein intake had an indirect association and birth weight. Conclusion: There is a direct association between fat intake and maternal nutritional status with birth weight. Nutritional status has a positive effect on birth weight. While fat intake has a negative effect on birth weight. Maternal carbohydrate and protein intake has an indirect effect on birth weight.

[学科分类] 食品科学和技术

[关键词] birth weight;macronutrient intake;nutritional status