Mesenchymal stem cell secretome and nanotechnology: Combining therapeutic strategies

[摘要] Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have pushed the field of stem cell-based therapies by inducing tissueregeneration, immunosuppression, and angiogenesis mainly through vesicles and soluble factors release (paracrinesignaling). MSC-extracellular vesicles (MSC-EV) adaptable secretome and homing to injured sites allowed researchersto unlock a new era of cell-free based therapy. In parallel, nanoparticles (NP) have been explored in contributing totransport and drug delivery systems, giving drugs desired physical-chemical properties to exploit cell behavior.However, NPs can be quickly recognized by immune cells and cleared from circulation. In this viewpoint, we explorehow combining both therapeutic strategies can improve efficacy and circumvent limitations of both therapies. MSCEV benefit from the potent MSC membrane composition, guiding chemotaxis to tumor sites, a very restrictedmicroenvironment. MSC-EV has low immunogenicity, high stability, long half-life and can explore tissue targetingligands as a precise drug carry, even across biological barriers. Those properties promote enhanced targeted drugdelivery that can be combined with NP, exploring biological membrane production through: 1. direct cell therapywith NP-infused MSC; 2. NP-containing MSC-EV generated by NP-infused MSC; 3. by coating NP in MSCmembrane (“MSC NanoGhosts”), allowing precise cargo definition without losing targeting. Therefore,nanotechnology combined with cell-based therapeutic resources can greatly improve targeted drug delivery, improvingefficacy and opening a new venue of therapeutic possibilities.

[学科分类] 仪器

[关键词] Mesenchymal stem cells;Nanoparticles;Secretome;Exosome;Targeted drug delivery