Frontier - World's First ExaFLOPS Supercomputer

[摘要] A race began around 2010 among many countries to build a supercomputer that would breach the ExaFLOPS (10$^{18}$ floating­point operations per second) barrier, a formidable goal. Fron­tier, a supercomputer designed by a team of engineers from Cray-HPE and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, achi­eved this goal in May 2022. It executed the HPLinpack bench­mark program at a speed of 1.102 ExaFLOPS. In this article, I trace the events leading up to the design of Frontier and its architecture. I also describe various benchmarks used to compare the speeds of high-performance computers.

[学科分类] 社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

[关键词] Exascale computers;Frontier HPC architecture;HPV benchmarks;GPGPUs in HPC.