Epigenetic Modifiers Against Breast Cancer.

[摘要] Epigenetics is “the study of heritable change in gene expression and function without analternation in DNA sequence itself. There are three main types of epigenetic mechanism named as DNAmethylation, Histone modification and RNA interference (RNAi). DNA Methylation is generally consideredas one of the most important epigenetic modifications occurring primarily at the cytosine residues of CpGdinucleotides. Histone Modifications are covalent post-translational modifications through mechanismsof acetylation, methylation, sumolyation, ADP-ribosylation, ubiquitylation and phosphorylation. Thenoncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) of epigenetics comprises of microRNAs (miRNAs), small interfering RNAs(siRNAs), Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNAs), and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Breast cancer isgenetically highly heterogeneous disease. Epigenetics and geneticalterations causes to inactivation ofcancer suppressors, deregulation of intracellular signaling cascades, metastasis, cancer microenvironmentalchanges and deregulation of immune response, death which supportcancerdevelopment. Recently, natural compounds or phytochemicals such as Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG),Curcumin, Apigenin, Resveratrol etc., have been shown to alter epigenetic mechanisms and inhibit thesynthesis of metabolic product i.e., leukotriene and prostaglandins. Quertcetin is well known for itsantihypertensive, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory and antihypertensive that block the cell cycle.Sulforaphane regulates tumor progression, apoptosis and tumor growth. Genistein regulates miRNA andinhibits DNMT and HDAC.

[学科分类] 工程和技术（综合）

[关键词] Breast Cancer;DNA methylation;Histone Modification;RNA Interferon;Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG);Curcumin.