Comparison among demographics, risk factors,clinical manifestations, and outcomes of stroke subtypes: Findings from a Malaysian stroke-ready hospital

[摘要] Background and Objective: Distinguishing attributes of stroke subtypes is crucial to establish appropriateplanning for patient care and preventive measures. This study aims to compare the associations amongdemographic characteristics, risk factors, clinical manifestations, and outcomes of different strokesubtypes in a Malaysian stroke-ready hospital. Methods: The study utilized data that were collectedfrom the local hospital-based stroke database, which is part of the Perai Regional Integrated StrokeIntervention System. The database is representative of the population in mainland Penang. All confirmedlocal ischaemic stroke (IS) and haemorrhagic stroke (HS) cases aged 18 years and above admitted toHospital Seberang Jaya from 1st January 2010 to 31st December 2019 were included. Descriptive andinferential statistics were employed. Results: There was a total of 1,805 patients with 1,572 (87.1%)IS patients and 233 (12.9%) HS patients. The mean (SD) age for IS patients was 62.75 (12.08) and60.51 (13.65) for HS patients. Generally, there were more male than female patients: 957 (60.9%)male IS patients and 137 (58.8%) male HS patients. A significantly higher proportion of IS patientswere aged ≥60 years old (59.9%, p=0.021), of Indian origin (15.5%, p=0.034), had diabetes (51.2%,p<0.001), hyperlipidaemia (17.8%, p<0.001), ischaemic heart disease (10.9%, p=0.011) and weresmokers (54.2%, p=0.028) as compared to HS patients. The proportion of IS patients who exhibitedhemiparesis (76.0%, p=0.012) and speech disturbances (54.8%, p=0.015) was higher than HS patients.Most IS patients ranged from no disability to moderate disability (65.3%, p<0.001) with a length ofstay in the hospital of ≤ 7 days (77.6%, p<0.001).Conclusion: Significant differences were observed on risk factors between IS and HS. IS was linkedmainly with hemiparesis and speech disturbances, whereas HS patients mainly exhibited headaches,nausea and vomiting, altered sensorium, and seizures, in addition to more severe stroke and pooroutcomes.

[学科分类] 精神健康和精神病学

[关键词] Stroke;ischaemic;haemorrhagic;risk factors;clinical manifestations;outcomes