The dark side of nature experience: Typology, dynamics and implications of negative sensory interactions with nature

[摘要] 1. The human health benefits of direct sensory interactions with nature (hereafterdirect human–nature interactions) are increasingly recognised. However, theseinteractions can also have various negative health and well-being impacts onpeople, some of which may be severe. Compared to positive ones, there hasbeen relatively little investigation of such negative direct human–natureinteractions beyond the medical literature, and what has been done is widelyscattered across disciplines.2. Here, we provide an overview of the typology, characteristics and dynamicsof negative direct sensory interactions with nature and suggest managementimplications and future research directions.3. We highlight the breadth of forms that negative direct human–nature interactionsoccur, and evidence that the incidences of some have recently grown rapidly inmany parts of the world.4. Our review also suggests that more intense negative direct human–natureinteractions can sometimes occur simultaneously or sequentially with morepositive ones, and there may be trade-offs between the two.5. Such serious implications highlight the importance of focusing research andpublic policy on improving the understanding of negative direct human–natureinteractions, taking a more balanced view of the benefits and costs of natureexperiences, and developing appropriate mitigation strategies.

[学科分类] 护理学

[关键词] ecosystem disservices;global change;human–wildlife conflict;personalised ecology;public health