CAMS-REG-v4: a state-of-the-art high-resolution European emission inventory for air quality modelling

[摘要] This paper presents a state-of-the-art anthropogenic emission inventorydeveloped for the European domain for an 18-year time series (2000–2017) at a0.05 ∘   ×  0.1 ∘ grid resolution, specifically designed to support airquality modelling. The main air pollutants are included: NO x , SO 2 ,non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs), NH 3 , CO, PM 10 and PM 2.5 , and also CH 4 . To stay asclose as possible to the emissions as officially reported and used in policyassessment, the inventory uses the officially reportedemission data by European countries to the UN Framework Convention onClimate Change, the Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution andthe EU National Emission Ceilings Directive as the basis where possible. Where deemednecessary because of errors, incompleteness or inconsistencies, these arereplaced with or complemented by other emission data, most notably theestimates included in the Greenhouse gas Air pollution Interaction andSynergies (GAINS) model. Emissions are collected at the high sectoral level,distinguishing around 250 different sector–fuel combinations, whereafter aconsistent spatial distribution is applied for Europe. A specific proxy isselected for each of the sector–fuel combinations, pollutants and years.Point source emissions are largely based on reported facility-levelemissions, complemented by other sources of point source data for powerplants. For specific sources, the resulting emission data were replaced withother datasets. Emissions from shipping (both inland and at sea) are basedon the results from a separate shipping emission model where emissions arebased on actual ship movement data, and agricultural waste burning emissionsare based on satellite observations. The resulting spatially distributedemissions are evaluated against earlier versions of the dataset as well asagainst alternative emission estimates, which reveals specific discrepancies insome cases. Along with the resulting annual emission maps, profiles forsplitting particulate matter (PM) and NMVOCs into individual components are provided, as well asinformation on the height profile by sector and temporal disaggregation downto the hourly level to support modelling activities. Annual grid maps areavailable in csv and NetCDF format ( https://doi.org/10.24380/0vzb-a387 , Kuenen et al., 2021).

[学科分类] 眼科学