A rare der(10)t(X;10)(p11.2;p11.2) in an elderly patient with therapy-related acute myelomonocytic leukemia

[摘要] An 80-year-old male was referred to our hospital with dyspnea oneffort. He had a history of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma 2 years ago,for which he was treated with chemotherapy, including rituximab,cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and prednisolone. Hislaboratory data included a white blood cell count of 1.9 × 109/L,a hemoglobin concentration of 10.5 g/dl, and a platelet count of92 × 109/L. His serum lactate dehydrogenase level was 196 U/L.A bone marrow examination revealed a hypercellular bone marrow with a blast frequency of 23.4%. The blast cells were positivefor both nonspecific esterase and naphthol AS-D chloroacetateesterase staining (Figure 1). A cytogenetic study of the patient’sbone marrow cells demonstrated the following karyotype: 47,XY,+8, der(10)t(X;10)(p11.2;p11.2)[7]/46,XY[13] (Figure 2). A diagnosisof therapy-related acute myelomonocytic leukemia was made dueto his history of chemotherapy-treated lymphoma. Although thepatient received two courses of azacitidine monotherapy, it wasnot effective, and he died 3 months after being diagnosed withleukemia.