Metal-Kondo-insulating transitions and transport in one dimension

[摘要] We study two different metal-insulating transitions possibly occurring in one-dimensional Kondo lattices. First, we show how doping the pure Kondo lattice model in the strong-coupling limit results in a Pokrovsky-Talapov transition. This produces a conducting state with a charge susceptibility diverging as the inverse of the doping, which seems in agreement with numerical data. Second, in the weak-coupling region, Kondo insulating transitions arise due to the consequent renormalization of the backward Kondo scattering. Here, the interplay between the Kondo effect and electron-electron interactions gives rise to significant phenomena in transport, in the high-temperature delocalized (ballistic) regime. For repulsive interactions, as a perfect signature of Kondo localization, the conductivity is found to decrease monotonically with temperature. When interactions become attractive, spin fluctuations in the electron (Luttinger-type) liquid are suddenly lowered. The latter is less localized by magnetic impurities than that for the repulsive counterpart, and as a result a large jump in the Drude weight and a maximum in the conductivity arise in the entrance of the Kondo insulating phase. These can be viewed as remnants of s-wave superconductivity arising for sufficiently attractive interactions. Comparisons with transport in the single-impurity model are also performed. We finally discuss the case of randomly distributed magnetic defects and the applications on persistent currents of mesoscopic rings.

[关键词] CONFORMAL-FIELD-THEORY;ISOTROPIC HEISENBERG CHAIN;TOMONAGA-LUTTINGER LIQUID;LATTICE MODEL;HUBBARD-MODEL;GROUND-STATE;RENORMALIZATION-GROUP;ARBITRARY SPINS;FERMION SYSTEMS;QUANTUM FLUIDS