Various homogeneous and hybrid cobalt phthalocyanines were developed. They were shown to be effective catalysts for the catalytic degradation of many aqueous pollutants. The catalytic activity of these systems was attributed to their ability to activate molecular oxygen. Semiconductor titanium dioxide was found to be useful both as solid support and photocatalyst.The electron relay property of cobalt phthalocyanine on the photoactive TiO₂ surface was elucidated. The homogeneous and heterogeneous kinetics and mechanisms for the catalytic oxidation of aqueous sulfur dioxide were studied.