Classification of crystalline topological semimetals with an application to Na3Bi

[摘要] Topological phases can not only be protected by internal symmetries (e.g., time-reversal symmetry), but also by crystalline symmetries, such as reflection or rotation symmetry. Recently a complete topological classification of reflection symmetric insulators, superconductors, nodal semimetals, and nodal superconductors has been established. In this article, after a brief review of the classification of reflection-symmetry-protected semimetals and nodal superconductors, we discuss an example of a three-dimensional topological Dirac semimetal, which exhibits time-reversal symmetry as well as reflection and rotation symmetries. We compute the surface state spectrum of this Dirac semimetal and identify the crystal lattice symmetries that lead to the protection of the surface states. We discuss the implications of our findings for the stability of the Fermi arc surface states of the Dirac material Na3Bi. Our analysis suggests that the Fermi arc of Na3Bi is gapped except at time-reversal invariant surface momenta, which is in agreement with recent photoemission measurements.

[发布机构] Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver; BC; V6T 1Z1, Canada^1;Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; V6T 1Z4, Canada^2;Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heißenbergstrasse 1, Stuttgart; D-70569, Germany^3

[关键词] Crystalline symmetry;Invariant surfaces;Nodal superconductors;Photoemission measurements;Reflection symmetry;Time reversal symmetries;Topological classification;Topological phasis