Spinodal density enhancements in nuclear collisions at the CBM experiment

[摘要] We discuss a novel approach to describe the evolution of a fireball, created in a high-energy nuclear collision, experiencing spinodal instabilities due to the first-order deconfinement phase transition of quantum chromo dynamics (QCD). We show that initial density fluctuations in these collisions are enhanced in the mechanically unstable region of the QCD phase diagram. In our study we find that the most favorable energy range for observing these density enhancements is at the lower end of the SIS100 accelerator at FAIR, currently under construction. Furthermore we discuss how one can distinguish and constrain different types of QCD phase transitions, one of hadron-quark type and one of liquid-gas type, leading to strong differences in the dynamical evolution of the QCD medium.

[发布机构] Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Ruth-Moufang-Str. 1, Frankfurt am Main, Germany^1;Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley; CA; 94720, United States^2;Institut für Theoretische Physik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, Frankfurt am Main, Germany^3

[关键词] Density enhancement;Dynamical evolution;Initial density;Nuclear collisions;Qcd phase diagrams;Quantum chromo dynamics;Spinodal instability;Unstable regions