Synthesis and characterization of dialkanolamides from castor oil (Ricinus communis) as nonionic surfactant

[摘要] Nonionic surfactant of dialkanolamide derivates was synthesized and characterized from castor oil (Ricinus comunnis). Ricinoleic acid was isolated from castor oil by hydrolysis in alkaline (KOH) condition at 65 °C. Oxidation of ricinoleic acid by dilute potassium permanganate (KMnO4) in alkaline condition at 75-90 °C gave dicarboxylic acid which was then reacted with ethanolamine at 140-160 °C for 6 hours. The product was recrystallized with isopropanol, and the structure elucidation was performed by FTIR,1HNMR spectrometer, and GC-MS with silylation method. Characterization of surfactants was carried out by surface tension measurement (capillary rise method), Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC) based on turbidity method and calculation of Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB) value with Griffin method and Bancroft rule. The result showed that ricinoleic acid in castor oil is 86.19 % and it is oxidation give an azelaic acid and octanedioic acid in 53.25 %. Amidation of a dicarboxylic acid and ethanolamine at 140-160 °C for 6 hours yielded of N1,N9-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)nona diamide in 49.35 %. Surfactant characterization indicates that dialkanolamide derivates can be used as a surfactant due to its ability to reduce the surface tension of ethanol with CMC at 1.2 g/L, HLB value is 5.58 and can be used as emulsifier water in oil (W/O).

[发布机构] Research Unit for Natural Product Technology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (BPTBA-LIPI), Jl. Jogja-Wonosari Km. 31, 5, Gading, Playen, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia^1;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta; 55281, Indonesia^2

[效力级别] 化学 [学科分类] 生物科学（综合）

[关键词] Alkaline conditions;Capillary-rise method;Critical micelle concentration (cmc);Hydrophilic-lipophilic balance;Potassium permanganate;Structure elucidation;Surface tension measurements;Synthesis and characterizations