Mesoscale modelling of the summer climate response of Moscow metropolitan area to urban expansion

[摘要] In this paper, the experience of applying a regional climate model to simulating the summer climate features of Moscow metropolitan area is examined. Also, an assessment is made of climate response to the implementation of a scenario of twofold city expansion. The model (COSMO-CLM) was adapted to the conditions of the region under investigation, supplemented by specific urban canopy parameterization and equipped with realistic parameters of urban surface. It was possible to successfully simulate the summer meteorological regime of Moscow region and, specifically, the temporal and spatial variability of the Moscow urban heat island (UHI). First results of the simulation for the city expansion show that the new urbanized areas on the periphery of Moscow have a heating impact on its central part, which leads to an increase of the UHI effect, on the average, of 10% (in the central area). In extreme heat events the temperature response to this scenario is much stronger, which may deteriorate human health and increase thermal stress. The simulation results also show that the city of Moscow is characterized by a positive anomaly of summer precipitation (in the city and its leeward side it increases by 10-30%). The scenario of urban expansion enhances this anomaly by 5-10% and increases its area.

[发布机构] Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Geography, GSP-1, Leninskiye gory, Moscow; 19991, Russia^1;A.M. Obukhov Institute, Atmospheric Physic of Russian Academy of Science, Pyzhevsky pereulok, 3, Moscow; 119017, Russia^2

[效力级别] 计算机科学

[关键词] Mesoscale modelling;Metropolitan area;Regional climate modeling;Summer precipitation;Temperature response;Temporal and spatial variability;Urban canopy parameterization;Urban heat island