Analyzing the Symmetry Properties of a Distribution in the Focal Plane for a Focusing Element with Periodic Angle Dependence of Phase

[摘要] We analyze the symmetry properties of the focal plane distribution when light is focused with an element characterized by a periodic angular dependent phase, sin (mφ) or cos (mφ). The majority of wave aberrations can be described using the said phase function. The focal distribution is analytically shown to be a real function at odd values ofm, which provides a simple technique for generating designed wave aberrations by means of binary diffractive optical elements. Such a possibility may prove useful in tight focusing, as the presence of definite wave aberrations allows the focal spot size to be decreased. The analytical computations are illustrated by the numerical simulation, which shows that by varying the radial parameters the focal spot configuration can be varied, whereas the central part symmetry is mainly determined by the parity ofm: for even the symmetry order is 2mand for odd ism.

[学科分类] 光谱学