The Impact of Bioactive Lipids on CardiovascularDevelopment

[摘要] Lysophospholipids comprise a group of bioactive molecules with multiplebiological functions. The cardinal members of this signalling moleculegroup are sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC), lysophosphatidic acid(LPA), and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) which are, at least in part,homologous to each other. Bioactive lipids usually act via G-proteincoupled receptors (GPCRs), but can also function as directintracellular messengers. Recently, it became evident that bioactivelipids play a role during cellular differentiation development. SPCinduces mesodermal differentiation of mouse ES cellsand differentiation ofpromyelocytic leukemia cells,by a mechanism being critically dependent on MEK-ERK signalling. LPA stimulates the clonal expansion of neurospheresfrom neural stem/progenitor cells and induces c-fos via activation ofmitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase 1 (MSK1) in ES cells. S1P acts on hematopoietic progenitor cells as achemotactic factor andhas also been found to be critical forcardiac and skeletal muscle regeneration. Furthermore, S1P promotescardiogenesis and similarly activates Erk signalling in mouse EScells. Interestingly, S1P may also act to maintain human stem cellpluripotency. Both LPA and S1P positively regulate the proliferativecapacity of murine ES cells. In this paper we will focus on thedifferential and developmental impact of lysophospholipids oncardiovascular development.

[学科分类] 生物技术