Fiqh Anticipation: Mitigation Concept Based on Islamic Law

[摘要] Disasters as social phenomena that occur when a community suffers from disruption and loss due to natural processes or technological accidents. Based on this definition, earthquake, tsunami and other disasters are not limited to natural disasters, it can also be a social disaster if the natural disaster is directly in contact with humans and causes material and immaterial losses. Indonesia as a country with the largest Muslim population in the world cannot be separated from Islam in various aspects of life, including the issue of disaster mitigation. for Indonesian Muslims, religious entities are perceived to be bigger than state entities. Therefore, the mitigation approach of science must be harmonized with religious teachings. With the result that natural disaster mitigation is widely accepted by the community. Contemporary Islamic scholars, especially those who have been involved in statistics and other related sciences, will dare to state that future estimates based on honest and correct statistical calculations can be regarded as reality, because according to scientific calculations it is relatively certain to occur. Therefore Fiqh anticipation as one of the mitigation management in Islam can take the form in the following three steps; (1) Reducing or avoiding the impact of losses from natural disaster hazards; (2) Ensure fast arrival of assistance to victims; (3) Achieve a quick and effective recovery of society.

[发布机构] Law Department, Sharia and Law Faculty, Ar-Raniry State Islamic University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia^1

[关键词] Disaster mitigation;fiqh anticipation;Islam;mitigation;natural;Natural disaster mitigation;Scientific calculations;Statistical calculations