Spatial Correlation for DoA Characterization Using Von Mises, Cosine, and Gaussian Distributions

[摘要] This paper presents mathematical expressions forthe spatial correlation between elements of linear and circularantenna arrays, considering cosine, Gaussian, and Von Mises distributions,for the direction of arrival (DoA) of the electromagneticwaves at the receiver antenna. The expressions obtained for theVon Mises distribution can include or not the mutual couplingeffect between the elements and are simpler than those obtainedfor the cosine and the Gaussian distributions of the angle ofarrival. The Von Mises distribution produces spatial correlationexpressions in terms of Bessel and trigonometric functions. Anexact expression for the spatial correlation, taking into accountthe mutual coupling, for the circular and linear arrays and anarbitrary number of elements are presented. It can be verified,by numerical evaluation of the expressions, that the couplingbetween the elements correlates the electromagnetic field, and aseparation of half wavelength could not be enough to decorrelatethem.

[学科分类] 电子、光学、磁材料