Evaluation of Etiology and Treatment Methods for Epistaxis: A Review at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central Nepal

[摘要] Introduction. Epistaxis is one of the most common emergencies in Otorhinolaryngology. It is usually managed with simple conservative measures but occasionally it is a life threatening condition. Identification of the cause is important, as it reflects the management plan being followed.Aims and Objectives. To analyze the etiology and treatment methods for patients with epistaxis.Methods. A retrospective study was done in a tertiary care hospital in central Nepal. The study period was from May 2014 to April 2015.Results. A total of84 patients had epistaxis; 52 were males and 32 were females. The most common cause of epistaxis was idiopathic(38.09%) followed by hypertension (27.38%), trauma (15.47%), and coagulopathy (8.33%). Regardingtreatment methods, most (52.38%) of our patients required anterior nasal packing. Chemical cautery was sufficient to stopbleeding in 14.28% of patients while electrocautery and posterior nasal packing were performed in 2.38% and 16.66%patients, respectively. Two (2.38%) patients required endoscopic sphenopalatine arterial ligation.Conclusion.Hypertension, trauma and coagulopathy were the most common etiological factors among the patients in whom etiology was foundalthough in most of the patients etiology could not be found. Anterior nasal packing was the most common treatment method appliedto these patients.

[学科分类] 耳鼻喉科学