The role of microorganisms at different stages of ecosystem development for soil formation
[摘要] Soil formation is the result of a complex network of biological as well aschemical and physical processes. The role of soil microbes is of highinterest, since they are responsible for most biological transformations anddrive the development of stable and labile pools of carbon (C), nitrogen (N)and other nutrients, which facilitate the subsequent establishment of plantcommunities. Forefields of receding glaciers provide unique chronosequencesof different soil development stages and are ideal ecosystems to study theinteraction of bacteria, fungi and archaea with their abiotic environment.In this review we give insights into the role of microbes for soildevelopment. The results presented are based on studies performed withinthe Collaborative Research Program DFG SFB/TRR 38 (
http://www.tu-cottbus.de/ecosystem ) and aresupplemented by data from other studies. The review focusses on themicrobiology of major steps of soil formation. Special attention is given tothe development of nutrient cycles on the formation of biological soilcrusts (BSCs) and on the establishment of plant–microbe interactions.
