Klimaschwankungen und Grosswetterlagen in Mitteleuropa seit 1881

[摘要] The present paper is an attempt to contribute to theresearch of historical climatology of Central Europe. The representation and working out of the spatial and temporal differentiation of the secular variations in temperature occurring in Central Europein the last one hundred or two hundred years wereto the fore of the study. By means of the Gaussianlow-pass filtering method the mean air temperatures for months, years and seasons have been calculated and graphically represented for 42 stations.The analysis of the climatic eiement showed extensive variations.The variations in climate which haveoccurred are primarily caused, as has been proved,by changes in the general weather Situation of Central Europe. Frequency counts of the general weather situations for seasons and years in the periodfrom 1881 to 1982 conveyed a very differentiatedpicture of the variations of the circulation structureabove Europe during this Observation period. Furthermorethe study was to clarify the question towhat degree the observed circulation variationswould explain the secular march of temperature.First it was necessary to relate frequencies of thegeneral weather situations and general weathertypes to the annual and seasonal temperatures andthus to make clear the regional effects of thedifferent weather situations on the temperaturecircumstances.Thus the main tendencies in the secular march of temperature could be connected withthe frequency variations of certain general weathersituations and general weather types respectively,and the variations in climate could be explained bychanged circulation conditions.

[学科分类] 自然科学（综合）