Bodenerosion in Semien-Äthiopien

[摘要] The soil erosion map in hand is integrated in an interdisciplinarywork with zoology and botany which dealswith the problems of an Ethiopian National Park inthe High Semien Mountains. Wide areas of the highplains between 3,200 and 4,000 metres above sea levelformed by Trapp-Basalt are damaged by soil erosion.In order to take effective measures against the irreversible damage in this potential disaster area, thepresent Situation was mapped in a primary phase in theautumnof 1974:

1) The present forms of erosion were mapped.
2) Based on numerous profües, the structure of thesoil was investigated and typified in an ideal profile.The thickness of the upper black horizon was measuredby 500 different samples, evaluated and presentedareawise.
3) On arable areas differentiation between 4 classes ofdamage was made: heavily to negligibly damagedareas.

The map established shows that soil erosion occursprincipally on ploughed land. Tendencies to damageaccording to exposure, form and incline of the slopeare clearly shown. An evolution of the forms of soilerosion can be derived. Possibilities for protective measures against soil erosion are available, but have notbeen used until today.

[学科分类] 自然科学（综合）