Integrated systems for forecasting urban meteorology, air pollution and population exposure

[摘要] Urban air pollution is associated with significant adverse health effects.Model-based abatement strategies are required and developed for the growingurban populations. In the initial development stage, these are focussed onexceedances of air quality standards caused by high short-term pollutantconcentrations. Prediction of health effects and implementation of urban airquality information and abatement systems require accurate forecasting ofair pollution episodes and population exposure, including modelling ofemissions, meteorology, atmospheric dispersion and chemical reaction ofpollutants, population mobility, and indoor-outdoor relationship of thepollutants. In the past, these different areas have been treated separatelyby different models and even institutions. Progress in computer resourcesand ensuing improvements in numerical weather prediction, air chemistry, andexposure modelling recently allow a unification and integration of thedisjunctive models and approaches. The current work presents a novelapproach that integrates the latest developments in meteorological, airquality, and population exposure modelling into Urban Air QualityInformation and Forecasting Systems (UAQIFS) in the context of the EuropeanUnion FUMAPEX project. The suggested integrated strategy is demonstrated forexamples of the systems in three Nordic cities: Helsinki and Oslo forassessment and forecasting of urban air pollution and Copenhagen for urbanemergency preparedness.

[学科分类] 大气科学