Numerical implementation and oceanographic application of the Gibbs thermodynamic potential of seawater

[摘要] The 2003 Gibbs thermodynamic potential function represents a very accurate,compact, consistent and comprehensive formulation of equilibrium propertiesof seawater. It is expressed in the International Temperature Scale ITS-90and is fully consistent with the current scientific pure water standard,IAPWS-95. Source code examples in FORTRAN, C++ and Visual Basic arepresented for the numerical implementation of the potential function and itspartial derivatives, as well as for potential temperature. A collection ofthermodynamic formulas and relations is given for possible applications inoceanography, from density and chemical potential over entropy and potentialdensity to mixing heat and entropy production. For colligative propertieslike vapour pressure, freezing points, and for a Gibbs potential of sea ice,the equations relating the Gibbs function of seawater to those of vapour andice are presented.

[学科分类] 海洋学与技术