Studies on the female-sterile mutant rudimentary of Drosophila melanogaster,: I. An analysis of the rudimentary wing phenotype☆

[摘要] Therudimentarywingphenotypewasexaminedindetail,usingsixdifferentallelesofrudimentary,andanumberofpointsaboutthegenesisoftherphenotypeweremade.(1)Alloftherallelesinwhichthewingsaredefectiveproducewingsinwhichtheareaofindividualhaircellsisreduced.Themoreseverelyaffectedtheallele,thegreateristhereductioninwingcellarea.Thisreductioninareaisprobablyuniformthroughoutthewingratherthanlocalizedtospecificwingregions.(2)Thetotalnumberofcellsperwingisalsogreatlyreducedinphenotypicallyrwings.Aswithcellarea,themoreseverelyaffectedtheallele,thegreaterthereductionincellnumber.However,thereductionincellnumberisnotuniformthroughoutthewing.Inthelessseverelyaffectedalleles,thecellnumberreductionismuchgreaterinthoseregionsofthewingwhicharedrasticallyalteredinshape(truncated),whilethosewingregionswhichshowonlyslightsizereductionsbutnooverallshapechangeshavenearnormalnumbersofcells.Inthemostdeformedwings,thereisareductionincellnumberthroughoutthewing,butagainthoseregionswithareseverelytruncatedarethemostdrasticallyreducedincellnumber.Measurementsoftheamountofchitinperwingindicatedthatthethreemostseverelyaffectedalleleshadasmuchormorechitinthanthewildtype.Itissuggestedthatoverproductionofchitinintheseallelespreventsnormalexpansionofthewingcells,thusincreasingtheseverityofthewingdefect.Finally,thevalidityandlimitationsofaquantitativemeasureoftherphenotypeweredefined.Thismeasurewasutilizedtodemonstrateaclear-cuteffectofnutritionontheexpressionoftherphenotype.

[学科分类] 生物科学（综合）