Hepatitis B Vaccine: Immunity, Efficacy and Types

[摘要] CurrentissuesthatareassociatedwiththedevelopmentofhepatitisBvaccine,combinationvaccines,modesofadministration,immunogenicity,andefficacyofdifferenttypesofhepati-tisBvaccinesarereviewed.HepatitisBviralmutantscanemergeasaresultofeitherim-muneresponseortreatmentoptions.SeveralstudiesareinprogressontreatmentofchronichepatitisBinfectionbyimmunizationwithmultipleantigeniccomponents;DNAvaccinesaloneorwithDNAencodedimmunomodulatorycytokines;combinationofvaccinewithantivi-raldrugsandcytokines;andgeneticmanipulationofantigenpresentingcells.IntegratinghepatitisBvaccinedosesintotheglobalinfantimmunizationprogramisnotsufficientforhepatitisBvirus(HBV)infectioneradication.ImplementingHBVscheduletohighriskgroupssuchasinjectiondrugusers,inmatesofcorrectionalcenters,andpersonsatriskforsexuallytransmitteddiseases,surveillanceofhepatitisBinfectedsubjectsandrefugees,accesstoimmunizationservicesandtreatmentisnecessary.Furtherinvestigationisneededtoassessfactorsthatcanimpedeanadequateantibodyresponse,HBVvariants,andtheneedforboosterdosestopreservevaccine-inducedimmunity,vaccinatingscheduleforolderchildren,evaluationofthosevaccinatedbutinpersistentcontactinHBV-endemicareas.

[学科分类] 基础医学

[关键词] Hepatitis B vaccine;Immunity;Efficacy;Booster policy;HBV mutants;Vac-cination programs.