1. Salivary glands of insect larvae accumulate newly made transfer RNA in the nucleolus when maintained in the presence of nucleoside antagonists that inhibit RNA synthesis preferentially at the chromosome. 2. The nucleus contains precursor transfer RNA, which, on the basis of the general evidence, may originate in the chromosome and then be methylated in the nucleolus. 3. The maturation of precursor ribosomal RNA is blocked in the nucleolus during inhibition. 4. The transport of nuclear RNA to cytoplasm is also blocked. 5. It is suggested that, if the transfer RNA accumulated in the nucleolus does indeed originate in the chromosome, the accumulation may result from the blockage of an obligatory transient association of the RNA with the nucleolus.
