ALTERNATIVE PHENOTYPIC STATES IN GENOMICALLY IDENTICAL CELLS: INTERSTOCK GENETICS OF A TRICHOCYST PHENOTYPE IN PARAMECIUM TETRAURELIA

[摘要] The trichocysts of most wild stocks of Paramecium tetraurelia discharge en masse in response to picric acid. In most nonresponding wild stocks, the defective phenotype is simply determined by a single recessive gene difference from the standard wild type, stock 51. However, two wild stocks, 146 and 148, which are completely homozygous at all loci, eqress either a nondischarge, ND, or discharge, DI, phenotype. In stock 146, both ND and DI sublines generally reproduce true to type, but observed changes are highly biased. Changes from ND to DI occur more than ten times as often as changes from DI to ND. After conjugation between ND and DI cells, genomically identical exconjugant lines from the ND parent may be either ND or DI, while thme from the DI parent invariably remain D1.—Interstock crosses between stocks 146 and 51 indicate that stock 146 possesses a recessive gene, nd146, which, when hommygous in stock 51 background, produces a distinct nondischarge phenotype, KO. Crosses between stock 146 and KO phenotype nd146 homozygotes in stock 51 background demonstrate that stock 146 possesses a dominant gene, M-ndl46, which modifies the defect of nd146 homozygotes, resulting in either the ND or DI phenotype. The two loci, M-ndl46 and nd146, are linked and estimated to be 5.3 centiMorgans apart. Stock 148 has the same alleles as stock 146 at these loci.—Presumably M-nd146 is involved in the dual phenotypic states in stock 146, but M-ndl46 nd146 homozygotes backcrossed into stock 51 are invariably discharging. The possibility that the original ND state is independent of these genes is discussed and is regarded as unlikely. The phenotypic and genetic relationship discovered in these stocks should remind population biologists that phenotypic and genotypic variability do not always have a simple relationship. The nature and frequency of epistasis in the highly inbreeding P . teiraurelia are reviewed.

[学科分类] 医学（综合）