The Vertical Structure of Typhoons

[摘要] Using the results of aerological observations made at Tateno and Kasumigaura in Japan proper, the vertical structures of some typhoons have been studied. Generally the maxmum height of ascent is below than 3km of height, so that the structure of the uppermost part are quite uncertain.In the south quadrant of a typhoon the fresh tropical maritime air advances rapidly to north under the influence of a typhoon, so that the fresh warm tropical air blows over the modified air remaining over the earth's surface under the skin friction. Thus marked inversion is always observable.In the east quadrant of a typhoon, the upper air is warm and moist up to 3km of height, at least. If the upper air in the east quadrant of a typhoon is abnormally warm and moist, then the typhoon moves steadily northward. For if in the warm sector of the typhoon the upper air flows with high velocity from South to North, then the fresh tropical air in the east quadrant is abnormally warm, and the typhoon moves northward by the thermal winds.In the north quadrant of a typhoon, the upper air of polar origin shows usually large lapserate. If the lapse-rate is abnormally large, then the typhoon will probably advance westward, and if the typhoon recurves to northeast, it will die away soon. Again if the frontal inversion forming the upper boundary of the polar maritime air or the subsidence inversion in the polar continental air in the north quadrant is observed, then the typhoon will probably advance northeastward in near future.

[学科分类] 大气科学