Mapping Icing Rates on Sea-Going Ships

[摘要] Maps for ship icing potential distribution over the oceans are reviewed. Special attention is paid to maps presenting forecast icing rates on ships. The NOAA Experimental Ice Accretion map with a 24-hour categorical forecast of ice growth rate and the AES approach to mapping icing intensity are evaluated.A new mathematical model for the growth of spongy saline ice on a ship's superstructure is presented in detail. This model calculates the icing rates over the entire front face of the ship's superstructure within the zone of spraying. The effect of the salinity of the moving water film and the ice sponginess are both taken into account. The model input is the ship speed and heading, the air temperature, the seawater salinity, the sea surface temperature, and the wind speed and fetch.Computer-produced maps of the icing rates on the ship are produced for the cold waters east of Canada. The first results indicate that our new ship icing model could be applied for operational purposes (hindcasting and forecasting icing rates on ships) if an automated data acquisition system was available.

[学科分类] 大气科学