Observation of the Electrical Resistance of Frozen and Moist Soil

[摘要] The author of the present paper observed the change of the electrical resistance of soil, when it froze in the natural state, at Toyohara, Karahuto (Sakhalien), by a simple method. Pairs of electrodes, consisting of stretched twisted copper wires of 0.5m length, had been buried horizontally at the depths 0.0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, 1.5 and 1.8m from the surface of the earth. One end of leading wire of every set was soldered to each of the electrode and the other end was brought in the room. The intensity of the electric current was observed by a milliammeter when the current was supplied from a dry cell of known voltage in the circuit consisting of the dry cell-milliammeter-leading wire-electrode-earth-electrode-leading wire. The effective resistivity was calculated as (Voltage of the dry cell)⁄(Intensity of the current).General aspects of the change of the resistivity in the cold season (Nov. 1932-May, 1933) are shown in Fig. 1 in the text. The possibility of finding the depth of frozen soil without turning up the ground is suggested from the figure.Similar observations were tried in case of heavy rainfall of Aug. 6-7th, 1933. Results of them are shown in Fig. 3 in the text, from which we can find to what depth the rain water per_??_o lated at any time.

[学科分类] 大气科学