ACTIONS OF CRYSTALLINE TETRODOTOXIN, PROCAINE, ESERINE AND NEOSTIGMINE ON THE ELECTRICAL ACTIVITIES OF CRAYFISH MUSCLE FIBERS

[摘要] References(33)Cited-By(2)In Japan, it is well known that Fugu-poisoning holds the first rank in the mortality from the food-intoxication. This fact also could be confirmed by Ogura (1) in the statistical survey on the Fugu-poisoning that have happened in the past eighty years. This shows that the cases of this intoxication are over one hundred patients every year, and the mortality amounted to more than sixty per cent. The death was due to central and peripheral respiratory failure. The neurotoxic principle is localized in general in the liver and ovaries of noxious Fugu. In 1909, Tahara (2) succeeded in obtaining fairly pure toxin, and named it “Tetrodotoxin”. After that, Yokoo (3) in 1950 first reported the isolation of crystalline toxin, and Tsuda et al. (4) in 1952 established the method of mass-production of this crystalline toxin in a different precedure. The chemical structure of this toxin, as illustrated in Fig. 1, was presented by Tsuda et al. (5) in 1964, and at the same time supported with Hirata et al. (6) and Woodward (7). Recently, according to Mosher et al. (8), tarichatoxin, isolated from the eggs of the California newt, Taricha torosa, has also the same structure as tetrodotoxin. A series of pharmacological studies of crystalline tetrodotoxin in our laboratory have been carring out since 1955. In these investigations, we were the first to find that, on the experiments of the isolated guinea pig ileum, tetrodotoxin suppressed completely the contractile response to nicotine and partly that to 5-hydroxytryptamine, but in this concentration no influence to acetylcholine and histamine (9, 10). Thereafter, the experi ments have carried forward the inhibitory action on the autonomic ganglion by tetrodo toxin (11-17). It was concluded that tetrodotoxin had an inhibitory action on the process of transmission in the ganglion.

[学科分类] 药理学