Peripubertal Weight Status and Growth:Associations with Preterm Birth and Exposures to Environmental Endocrine-Disrupting Compounds.

[摘要] Childhood and adolescent obesity is a global public health issue, with increasing prevalence in developing and industrialized nations. Known to track into adulthood, it is a contributor to numerous adverse health indices including Type 2 Diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Increasing evidence suggests that environmental factors may be involved with weight dysregulation, including altering hormone balance and number, size, and distribution of adipocytes. Exposures or stimuli that occur at sensitive periods of development may alter the growth trajectory of an individual. Preterm birth and exposures to the environmental endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDC) Bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates are suspected of disrupting numerous physiological processes. Preterm birth is hypothesized to be an adverse stimulus that puts the individual on accelerated growth trajectory. Whereas, exposures to EDCs have been associated with obesity and increased waist circumference.The objectives of this dissertation were to determine whether preterm birth and exposures to BPA and phthalate metabolites in the third trimester of pregnancy and during adolescence were associated with adolescent weight status, fat distribution, and altered BMI and height trajectories. Using children from the Early Life Exposure in Mexico to ENvironmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) cohorts, we found that preterm birth was not associated with adolescent obesity, BMI, and waist circumference. BPA and phthalate metabolites were non-monotonically associated with adolescent BMI z-score, waist circumference, and triceps skinfold and differed in direction of association by sex and timing of exposure. Significant associations of these outcomes were mainly negative and observed in second and third quartile exposures with MECPP, MEHHP, MEOHP, MiBP, MEHP in pregnancy. In adolescence, second and third tertiles of BPA, MCPP, and MiBP were significantly negatively associated with adolescent outcomes. The third tertile of the phthalate metabolite MECPP was associated with the highest trajectory of BMI and height in females, whereas the first and second tertiles of MiBP, MBzP, MCPP, MEP, MEHHP, and MEOHP were associated with the highest BMI and height trajectories in males.These results suggest that preterm birth is not associated with adolescent anthropometry, but that exposures to EDCs during a developmentally sensitive period may have consequences in growth and fat distribution in peripuberty.

[发布机构] University of Michigan

[效力级别] Growth Trajectories

[关键词] Child and Adolescent Weight Status and Distribution;Growth Trajectories;Environmental Endocrine-disrupting Compounds Bisphenol a and Phthalates;Preterm Birth;Longitudinal Study;Public Health;Health Sciences;Science;Nutritional Sciences