An Analysis of Certain Factors Related to the Quantitation of Immunoelectrophoresis

[摘要] Factors involved in determining antigen concentration by relating immunoelectrophoretic precipitin arc position to the origins of antigen and antibody have been analyzed using refined immunologic systems. The data have been statistically analyzed, results evaluated and recommendations set forth.A linear relationship is found to exist for both albumin and γG-globulin when the p value (diffusivity ratio) is plotted against the log antigen concentration. A departure from linearity was not detected by the technique employed, even though the diffusion coefficients of the reactants were different. It was found that the p value difference must exceed 0.075 for albumin-antialbumin and 0.059 for γG-globulin-anti-γG-globulin before any significant differences can be declared at the 0.05 level.A comparison between experimentally determined equivalence and theoretical equivalence p values has been made and results indicate that the observed differences are most likely due to a decrease in peak antigen concentration when the antigen is moved in the electrical field.On the basis of the data in this report, an experimental design is presented for determining unknown antigen concentrations by immunoelectrophoresis. This protocol specifies the number of samples needed to establish significant differences. Confidence intervals for various p values are given.

[学科分类] 生物科学（综合）