Studies of the Subgroups of Blood Groups A and AB

[摘要] 1. 1. The development of α1 agglutinins active against A1 cells at room and body temperatures was demonstrated in the serum of an A2 patient after 21 transfusions of A1 blood. This is the second reported case of the development of α1 agglutinins as a result of transfusion.2. 2. The ability of a few individuals to form α1 or α2 agglutinins may depend upon some fundamental abnormality of the reticulo-endothelial system. This is suggested by the fact that in three of the five reported cases, the patients were suffering from atypical or acquired hemolytic anemia and, in two of these, other irregular agglutinins were demonstrated in addition to the α1 and α2 antibodies.3. 3. Although serious or fatal hemolytic reactions due to incompatibility of the subgroups of A and AB have not been reported, the rapid destruction of donated cells due to α1 or α2 agglutinins has been clearly demonstrated. In the case presented the patient's own cells and group O cells were destroyed as rapidly as A1 cells, possibly because of the action of non-specific cold hemagglutinins.4. 4. The appearance of α1 agglutinins in the serum of an A2 patient who received 5000 ml of group O blood is attributed to the absorption of the transfused α agglutinins by the patient's blood and tissue cells leaving unabsorbed the passively transferred α1 agglutinins. This is the first reported demonstration of the selective, in vivo absorption of α agglutinins.5. 5. A2 patients who are transfused with sufficient quantities of group O blood may be rendered temporarily incompatible with prospective A1 donors. This disadvantage of the use of universal donors can probably be eliminated by adding A and B specific substances to the group O blood.

[学科分类] 生物科学（综合）