MicroRNA Involvement in Human Cancers

[摘要] Featured Article: Yanaihara N, Caplen N, Bowman E, Seike M, Kumamoto K, Yi M, et al. Unique microRNA molecular profiles in lung cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Cancer Cell 2006;9:189–98.3Recent evidence has revealed that microRNAs (miRNAs) function as tumor suppressors and oncogenes, and therefore miRNAs might prove useful in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. In 2002, Croce's group reported the first connection between miRNAs and cancer, showing that the MIR15A 4 (microRNA 15a) and MIR16-1 (microRNA 16-1) genes were deleted and/or downregulated in the majority of B-cell lymphomas (1). The findings that miRNAs were frequently located at cancer-associated genomic regions, including fragile sites, prompted these investigators to propose that miRNA genes were a new class of genes involved in human tumorigenesis (2). The development of miRNA gene expression profiling allowed the identification of miRNA gene expression signatures unique to specific solid tumors (e.g., lung, breast, stomach, prostate, and colon) and their cellular origins (3). These reports indicated the extensive involvement of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of …

[学科分类] 过敏症与临床免疫学