'n Sisteemteoretiese perspektief op die vertaling van Suid-Afrikaanse literatuur in Nederlands

[摘要] English: Within the framework of the system- and the translation theories, the translation of SouthAfrican, and more specific of Afrikaans, literary texts into Dutch was researched. Thisstudy centres around the fact that there was a dramatic increase in the amount of SouthAfrican literary translations into Dutch from the early seventies, but that the contrary didnot take place. An attempt was made to find out what the reasons were behind thisphenomenon and which factors played a part in it.The view on translations in this study corresponds to that of the Leuven group who basedtheir models on the polysystern theory by Iramar Even-Zohar. According to this theorytranslation goes far beyond the boundaries of the text to incorporate the interactionbetween various literary systems. Even-Zohar developed the principles for a dynamicand heterogenious system in order to provide for the historical and variable nature ofliterature. Within this approach the focus has also changed from translation as transfer oflanguages, to translation as transfer of cultural norms. The benefits of Pierre Bourdieu'ssociological approach and Siegfried Schmidt's contructivistic approach are implementedin the study in the incorporation of agents and the various actions that take place withinthe literary field.Furthermore an overview was given of the historical events and actions which createdand still creates a dialogue between the Dutch and the South African literary systems.The history between these two countries is marked by an initial unanimity which isespecially visible in the support that the Dutch gave the Boers during the Anglo BoerWar. As a result of the Dutch peoples' experience and guilt feelings which arose fromthe Holocaust and the, practically simultaneous, implementation by the South Africangovernment of a discriminatory apartheid system in 1948, an animosity developedbetween these two countries. This split results in the annulment of the Dutch SouthAfrican Cultural Agreement in the early eighties. Since the first democratic election in1994 this Cultural Agreement has been renewed and a revival took place in the Dutchpeoples' interest.in South Africa and the literature of the country.In the course of this study it came to light that the large increase in translations since theseventies of especially English (South African) literature into Dutch, can be attributed tothe translation of' protest literature. On the other hand, the increase in translatedAfrikaans literary texts since the nineties can be attributed to the changed politicalcircumstances in South Africa which also positively influenced the Dutch peoples'attitude towards Afrikaans and Afrikaans literary texts. There seems to be a renewedinterest in the literary value of South African texts and especially in texts which portraythe magical atmospheer, nature and exotic elements of Africa. This preference is clearlyvisible in the reception of literary texts by Riana Scheepers in the Dutch literary system.Finally, based on statistical principles, a projection is made of the amount of SouthAfrican literary texts which could be translated into Dutch over the next decade. Theprojection made is conservative because it is based on the average growth of translationsper decade and not on the increased growth which took place over the past thirty years.The assumption is made that the upsurge in translations since the seventies can possiblybe attributed to the political events and changes in South Africa and in the interest that itevoked in South African literary texts with a political tendency. If the political climate inSouth Africa will stabilise over the next ten years, there should still be an increase in theamount of translations, but at a more average growth.

[发布机构] University of the Free State