Application of enzyme immunoassays to coagulation testing.

[摘要] Enzyme immunoassays are very useful for the detection of low concentrations of coagulation proteins and pathological markers in plasma. Analytes in the ng/mL range are measurable with good reproducibility with intra- and interassay CVs of less than 5% to 10%. "Sandwich" methods have been developed for von Willebrand factor (plasma concentration about 8 micrograms/mL, Factor IX (5 micrograms/mL), protein C (4 micrograms/mL), and Factor X (10 micrograms/mL). However, this technique is only suitable for macromolecules; for low-molecular-mass peptides such as fibrinopeptide A a competitive method is used. Normal concentrations of fibrinopeptide A are below 3 ng/mL, with greater values suggesting in vivo generation of thrombin; thus this test is quite useful in detecting thrombosis. Reagents for both the sandwich and competitive methods are commercially available and cost effective, and have a longer shelf-life than those for radioimmunoassays.

[学科分类] 过敏症与临床免疫学