Verskille in werkstres en psigiese uitbranding tussen blanke-en swart middelvlakbestuurspersoneel in 'n Suid-Afrikaanse diensorganisasie

[摘要] English: The purpose of this study is to investigate the difference in the presence of workrelatedstress and psychological burn-out between white and black middle-levelmanagement personnel in a South African service organisation.A study of literature on stress reveals that stress, work-stress and psychological burnoutare phenomena that are steadily increasing, not only world-wide, but also in SouthAfrica. This fact is emphasised by the financial, organisational and human costsincurred as a result of stress, work-stress and psychological burn-out.Changes within the political and economical arena of South Africa contributedtowards forcing South African service organisations to establish a work-force that ismore representative. This in its turn, inter alia, contributes towards more blackmanagers being appointed.In view of the fact that very little attention had in the past been paid to the way inwhich black managers experience work-stress and psychological burn-out incomparison to their white colleagues, the amount of literature on the causes of workstressand psychological burn-out for the said group is indeed very limited at thisstage.It has, therefore, been decided to investigate the differences in work-stress andpsychological burn-out between black and white management personnel in order to compile a data basis for future research, as well as to enable organisations to planpreventative measures in this regard.In this study stress, more specifically work-stress, and psychological burn-out are thetopics used as a point of departure and these topics are discussed as systematicalphenomena, in order to meet the aim/purpose of the study. The influence of race onthe way in which work-stress and psychological burn-out is experienced, is studied bymaking use of a multi-cultural model of stress.A population consisting of 387 middle-level management personnel members from aSouth African service organisation, is included as test persons for the study.The Work and Life Circumstances Questionnaire of Van Zyl and Van der Walt (1991)was used to measure stress levels and certain stressors and the Maslach Burn-outInventory (Maslach & Jackson 1986), was used to determine the level of burn-out.Statistical processing of data collected from 387 completed questionnaires, were doneby using the SPSS computer program (SPSS, 1993). In this thesis descriptive as wellas inferential statistics is implemented in order to meet the objectives set for the study;after having tested whether the inferential statistical comply with the statisticalhypotheses underlying these methods. T-tests and co-variation analysis have beenevaluated for grouped data, in order to indicate significant differences between groups,wherever applicable.Statistically significant differences have been found between the average totals inrespect of work-stress and psychological burn-out for black and white middle-levelmanagement personnel members. From the results it has become apparent that theblack group has statistically obtained significantly higher totals on external stressors;task attributes; career matters; social matters; and depersonalisation as sources ofstress, work-related stress and psychological burn-out. The white group has - incomparison - obtained higher totals on emotional exhaustion than the black group.After an integration of the data, the conclusion was reached that the measures toprevent work-stress and psychological burn-out in black and white middle-levelmanagement personnel would have to be implemented at different levels of asystem.

[发布机构] University of the Free State