Prevalence of acute kidney injury in the paediatric intensive care unit at Pelonomi Regional Hospital

[摘要] BackgroundAcute kidney injury (AKI) is common in critically ill children and associated with an increased mortalityrate. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of AKI in critically ill children admitted to thepaediatric intensive care unit at Pelonomi Hospital, the most common admission diagnoses amongthese patients admitted with AKI and the mortality rate in this cohort.MethodA retrospective observational study design was followed. The study milieu was a 5-bed tertiarypaediatric intensive care unit at Pelonomi Hospital in Bloemfontein. All patients between one monthand thirteen years old admitted to the paediatric intensive care unit for the period 1 January 2015 to31 December 2015 were screened for AKI. The clinical and laboratory features of the includedchildren were recorded and used to diagnose AKI utilizing both the serum creatinine and urine outputcriteria of the paediatric Risk, Injury, Failure, End-stage and Failure classification (pRIFLE).ResultsThe clinical records of 245 patients were evaluated, of these, 35 had to be excluded. Acute kidneyinjury was found in 108 (51.4%) of the remaining 210 patients. Of these 108 patients with AKI, 32(29.6%) patients reached pRIFLE maximum of Risk, 30 (27.7%) patients reached Injury, and 46(42.5%) had Failure. The most common admission diagnoses in children with AKI were pneumonia(30.5%) and acute diarrhoeal disease (16.7%). A total of 30 (14.2%) deaths occurred during thestudy period and AKI was present in 20 (18.5%) of these deaths.ConclusionAcute kidney injury is common in the paediatric intensive care. The most common admissiondiagnoses of the children found to have AKI were infective diseases like pneumonia and acutediarrhoea. Critically ill children have an increased risk for mortality.

[发布机构] University of the Free State