Die verband tussen persepsie van ondersteuningsnetwerke en psigologiese weerbaarheid by kinders in hul laat middelkinderjare uit enkelouergesinne

[摘要] English: Due to South Africa's history, a South African child must adjust to a variety ofexperiences that confront them. A large number of children are exposed to family breakups and divorce, which results in single parent families. Some children will developstable and healthy personalities while other children will not. The quality that enables achild to cope with these circumstances, is called resilience. In this study the concept ofresilience will be discussed under the concept of psychofortology, which is the oppositeof psychopathology. Resilience can be defined as the result of a dynamic, interactionalprocess between the individual, with their own strengths and interpersonal and socialcompetence, and the individual's perception of their own support system. Resiliencemanifests in the individual who remains psychologically healthy in the midst of astressful or traumatic life experience. The question that must be asked is, ho do childrenmanage to stay psychologically healthy in the current situation in South Africa. Thesituation in South Africa is characterized by an increase in poverty, unemployment, Aids,disintegration of the education system and the break down of the family system. In thisstudy, the changing circumstances that occur in families with single parents are discussedas risk factors. Changes that occur in single parent families are: financial implications,changed parenting styles, limited support systems and the loss of an established supportnetwork. The aim of the research was to determine the relationship between perceptionof support networks and the other constructs of resilience in children from single parentfamilies. The perception of support networks was used as a variable because limitedsupport networks seem to be a stressor in single parent families. This research forms thefoundation for future research on resilience in children in the South African context.The sample group consisted of children who were radomly selected out of five provincesof South Africa. A correlational design was used to determine the relationship betweenthe perception of support networks and resilience scores. There was no available test tomeasure resilience, so the tests that were used was: Personality for Children, whichmeasured the following constructs: outonomy, temperament, self-confidence, egostrength, impulse control, morality, empathy; Nowicki-Strickland Locus-of-ControlScale for Children measuring the internal locus of control of the child; Torrance Test ofCreative Thinking measuring creativity; Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scalemeasuring self esteem and the Survey of Children's Social Support measuring children'sperception of social networks. The parents completed the Child Symptom Inventory-4/Parent Checklist, to indicate behaviour obe served as by them as parents.,IVrA analysis of the research results show no relationship between perception of supportnetworks and the other constructs of resilience. There is negative relationship betweenself-esteem and the child's perception of their support networks. The results of this studydoes not correlate with the findings in the literature. It is evident that there is stilluncertainty about the concept and measurement of resilience in children in South Africa.The conclusion that can be made is that more research and information should begathered in South Africa on the resilience of children in the South African context. Thisresearch has laid the foundation for further exploration about the constructs of resiliencein the South African child.

[发布机构] University of the Free State